Built in 1888 as the Provincial Museum for Carniola – Rudolfinum. Today it stores rich collections of valuable objects: archaeological, numismatic, and graphic collection, important columns of museum activity are also rich museum library and unit for preservation and restoring.

Here you can see the oldest musical instrument in the world, 60,000 years old Neanderthal flute from the Divje babe cave. Another remarkable object is a charming Vače situla. There is a vast collection of other interesting archaeological objects that tell a story of the life before our time, e.g. findings from the Ljubljana Marsh and the Ljubljanica River, the only ancient Egyptian mummy in Slovenia, gilded bronze statue of Emona citizen, imperial stone inscription from Emona, Germanic ornamentation from the Migration Period and Early Middle Ages wooden traps.

The new venue of the National Museum of Slovenia extensively presents collections of historical arts and crafts objects from the 14th century to the present.

Housed in the ex-barracks complex on Metelkova street, in a glass-clad extension, the Museum building has a string of restoration workshops as well as a lecture room. Exhibition galleries are on the ground floor (for temporary exhibitions and displays). First and the second floors host the permanent exhibition History and Arts Collections.